European Payments & Fraud Review

Semiannual reviews of European payments and fraud, with fixed ECB data vintages, country comparisons and traceable sources.

Free public editions. Each review preserves its captured data vintage; later mart releases do not silently revise an earlier edition.

European Payments & Fraud Review — H2 2025

Observation cutoff: 2025-12-31 (2025-H2; provisional in this captured release). Comparison period: 2025-H1.

Fixed mart build: pay-20261001T151118-9939dc2e. Build completed: 2026-10-01T15:12:28.972Z. Public API retrieved: 2026-10-01T15:13:25.525Z.

SEPA Instant share of credit transfers (number): Spain recorded the highest published value (37.3 %) and Hungary the lowest (0.0 %) among 25 ranked countries in H2 2025.

Methods and sources